Slide-valve gear for steam-locomotives.



A. JENDRUSIK. SLIDE VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1908.

Patented June 14,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IN VENTOI? IIII ATTORNEYS.

Annnew n cnnnm no PNOTO-UTMOGRAPHERS wAs a c A. JENDRUSIK.

SLIDE VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLIOATIIOVN IILED NOV. 9, 1908. 961 61 3 Patented June 14,1910.

*2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ANDREW s. GRARAM co., PHOTO-UTHUGRAFNERS, WASHKNGTON 0.x;

AURELIJUSZ JENDRUSIK, OF STRZEMIESZYCE, RUSSIA.

SLIDE-VALVE GEAR FOR STEAM-LOCOMOTIVES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 14, 1910.

Application filed November 9, 1908. Serial No. 461,726.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AURELIJUsz JEN- DRUsIK, a citizen of the Empire ofRussia, residing in Strzemieszyce, in the Government of Petrikau,Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Slide-Valve Gears for Steam-Locomotives, of which the following is aspecification.

In locomotives fitted with the valve gears hitherto known, it isnecessary when steam is shut off in traveling down a gradient orotherwise, to set the gear to cut off the steam as late as possible inorder to avoid the great compression and expansion of the air containedin the cylinders, and the consequent loss of power. But even when thepoint of cut off is set back to the fullest extent, considerabledisadvantage is experienced on account of the resistance of the valvegear and the wear on the slide valves, the port faces and other parts ofthe gear. These difiiculties are obviated by the present invention,which consists essentially in so arranging the parts of the gear that onshutting off steam, the motion of the slide valves and the whole of thegear, with the exception of the parts connected directly to theeccentric rods and the crossheads, is arrested, although the pistonscontinue their movement, the slide valves being shifted so as to fullyopen the admission ports of the cylinder. By this means the ends of thecylinder are put into direct communication, whereby the pistons do notperform any work on the air contained in the cylinders. In this mannerthe locomotive is enabled to run without steam very easily and theoperative parts of the cylinders and slide valves are not injuriouslyaffected. Since no suction and compression of air take place in thecylinders, no increase of the chimney draft will take place when runningwith the steam shut off.

The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example one form of thisinvention applied to the Heusinger type of locomotive slide valve gear.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved gear, the cylinder andslide valve being shown in vertical longitudinal section and the valvebeing set to give the latest cut off, Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sideelevation of the improved gear, in which the crank of the driving wheelis shown shifted through 180 degrees from the position shown in Fig. 1,Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the improved gear in whichthe slide valve is shown in a position in which communication isestablished between the ends of the cylinder, Fig. 4 is a parthorizontal section on the line AB of Fig. 3, illustrating a detail, Fig.5 is a side elevation of the mechanism for adjusting the shifting rodand the reversing rod, Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section on the line CDof Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional View taken on the line E F of Fig. 6.

In the form of gear shown, 1 is the piston rod of the piston 3 workingin the cylinder 2. A cross-head 5 sliding on the guide 4 is driven bythe piston rod. The crank rod 6 connects the cross-head with the crank 8of the usual driving wheel 7 (indicated by a small dotted circle).

A short arm 9 extending from the pin center of the connecting rod 6,serves to actuate an eccentric rod 10 which engages one end of anoscillating link 11 which is pivoted on a center 11. One end of a radiusrod 12 pivotally slides in this link, and the other end of said rodforms with a link 13 a center for a combination lever 14, one arm ofwhich is connected by a rod 15 to a fixed arm 16 of the cross-head 5.The other arm of the combination lever is jointed at 14 to a slide block17 adapted to move to and fro along the guide 18. This slide block isfixed to the rod 19 of the slide valve 20.

The reversing rod 21 for controlling the cut off, which may be operatedfrom the engine footplate, for instance, by means of a handwheel 22, isconnected at its forward end to one arm 23 of a bell crank leverfulcrumed on the center 24. The other arm 25 of this lever is connectedby means of a link 26 to the radius rod 12 near to the slide block ofsaid rod.

The oscillating link 11 is operated by the eccentric rod 10 and themotion therefrom is transmitted through the radius rod 12 to the slidevalve 20. The sliding and pivoted connection at 12 between the rod 12and the link 11 is quickly adjusted by the reversing rod 21 similar tothe Heusinger gear, while, when the gear is adjusted to its saidposition, the slide valve is substantially stationary.

Fig. 2 shows the same parts diagrammatically after the crank of thedriving wheel has been shifted through 180 degrees. As shown, the slidevalve chest is provided in the usual manner with a by-pass 27 whichconnects the two ends of the valve-chest together and to which livesteam is supphed for instance at 28.

WVhen the engine is to run with the steam shut off, the steam supply tothe valve-chest is shut off, and then by the working of the slide valvethe piston 3 draws in air through a valve 29 (shown provided in the backend of the valve-chest) and forces the air out again through the samevalve.

The air which is drawn in while the locomotive is running on the trackis always very dusty so that this drawing in and forcing out of the airat every stroke, causes a rapid wear on the valve and port faces. Forobviating this objection the slide-valve is according to the presentinvention moved by suitable means and retained in position beyond itsnormal limit of movement whereby the ends of the cylinder are placed inconnection with each other and the piston forces the steam on one sideof the piston directly to the other side, so that neither compressionnor suction takes place in the cylinder. For retaining the slide-valvein this position, the mechanism which moves the slide-valve is soadjusted that neither from the cross-head 5, nor from the link 11 anymotion is transmitted to the valve rod 19 and slide-valve 20. To enablesuch a circulation to take place past the slide valve from one side ofthe piston to the other, the slide valve must be in a position in whichthe two admission ports 30 and 31 are in communication. The slide valvemust therefore assume the position shown in Fig. 3 in which, if thecrank is assumed to be rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow,the air on the right hand of the piston will flow through port 30,slide-valve chest, by-pass 27, slide-valve chest, through the cavity ofthe slide valve, and port 31 to the other side of the piston. If thepiston is moving in the opposite direction the air will flow along thesame path but in the opposite direction.

For the purpose of shifting and holding the slide-valve in the desiredposition, while the piston is moving, the reversing rod 21 is set tomid-position whereby the sliding block 12 of the rod 12 is caused tocoincide with the center 11 of the link 11 (Figs. 3

and 4). Now according to this invention the center 11 of the link 11 islocated in the forward end of a shifting rod 32 the rear end of which isattached to a lever arm 33.

The center 11 is fixed relative to the link 11 and is pivoted to thelower end ofthe lever 34 the upper end of which is pivoted to the fixedframe 35. From the lever 34 there extends a rod'36 which is connected toone arm 37 of a two-armed lever fulcrumed at 38, the other arm 39 ofwhich is connected by a link 40 to the link center 13 of the combinationlever 14. 'ment, if the lever 33 be rotated on its pivot WVith thisarrange- 41, for instance from the position shown in Fig. 1, into theposition shown in Fig. 3, then by means of the shifting rod 32 thecenter 11 of the link 11 is shifted to the rear, and the lever 34 iscaused to make a corresponding movement. Since however the lever 34 isconnected by means of the rod 36, the lever 37, 39 and the link 40 tothe link center 13, the above described-movement of the link center 11to the rear, causes the lever 37, 39, to rock on its center38 (Figs. 1and 3) in such a manner that the arm 39 of this lever moves up, andcarries upwardly with it the link 40 and by means of the latter to suchan extent that the link center 13 falls together with the pivot pin 14of the lever 14. If now while the parts are in this position the pistonis moved to and fro in the usual manner, the oscillating link 11 whichis connected by rods 10 and 9 with the crank, will oscillate in theusual manner, but since the slide-block 12 of the rod 12 is coincidentwith the'center of the link 11, this link will not transmit any motionto the rod 12 and will therefore not have any influence upon the slidevalve. Therefore no motion can be transmitted from the cross-head 5 tothe slide valve as the link center 13 coincides with the pivot point 14and the lever 14. Consequently the slide valve 20 remains at a fixeddetermined position (Fig. 3) irrespectively of the position of theeccentric while the piston is moving to and fro in the usual manner.

From the foregoin it is readily seen that for accomplishing the objectof the invention, two requirements are necessary, first the shifting ofthe slide block 12 and the center 1.3 to the zero point by means of therods 21 and 36 and moving to the rear the oscillating link 11 by the rod32. When the link 11 is drawn back before the slide-block 12 and center13 have been placed in their proper positions, it is obvious that theslide valve 20 will not take and remain in correct position. In theposition which it would take under such circumstances, one channel, forinstance channel 31 would be perinanently closed, so that expansion andcompression would take place in the cylinder and the disadvantagesstated in the beginning would be caused thereby. Therefore the lever 33should only be moved into or out of the position shown in Fig. 1, whenthe slide-block 12 and the center 13 are set ing rod 21 and theoperating lever 33 together positively in such a manner that forinstance the lever 33 can be reversed only when the reversing rod 21 isheld in the mid-position, and also that the reversing rod can be shiftedonly when the operating lever 33 is in the normal position shown inFigs. 1 and 2. For this purpose the locking mechanism shown in Figs. 5and 6 is provided. The reversing rod 21 terminated as usual in aslide-block 42 working in a fixed frame 43. This block can be shifted bymeans of the handwheel 22 and screw 44. In the frame 43 is a pin 45which is pressed downwardly by a spring. A recess provided in theslide-block 42 is adapted to register with the pin 45 when the block 42is in its midposition. When the parts are in this position, meanspresently to be described, can be operated to cause the pin 45 to enterthe recess in the block 42 against the action of the spring and thuslock the slide-block 42 in said mid-position.

The operating lever 33 is formed at its lower end into a hub 46 whichcan be rotated with the lever 33 on the pin 41. In a slot 47 of the hub46 is an arm 48 of a slide piece 49 which is guided by means of a tongueand groove on the lever 33. 50 is a spring-pressed lever mounted on thehand lever 33 and so arranged that on grasping the hand lever 33 andpressing the lever 50, the slide piece 49 is pushed radially outwardfrom the center 41.

If the lever 33 is in its normal position (Figs. 1 and 2), the slot 47of the hub 46 is situated opposite the pin 45 so that the pin 45 byforcing back the arm 48 can enter the slot 47 and thus lock the hub 46and with it the lever 33. In this position the slide block 42 of thereversing rod 21 is free and can be shifted in the usual manner for thepurpose of determining the point of out off. If now during the runningof the engine with the steam shut off, the slide block 42 is moved intothe zero or mid-position, and the slide valve 20 is held stationary, ashereinbefore described, then on grasping the lever 33 and drawing backthe slide piece 49 by means of the lever 50, the spring pin 45 will bemoved by the arm 48 in the frame 43 in opposition to the action of thespring in such a manner that the spring pin 45 will enter the oppositelysituated recess in the slide block 42 and thus lock the latter, at thesame time allowing the hub 46 to rotate. The hub may then be rotated andits periphery will bear upon and hold the pin 45 in its upper position,and thus keep the slide block 42 locked. This movement of the hand lever33 will bring the slide valve to the position of Fig. 3. By returningthe lever 33 into its normal position shown in Figs. 1 and 2,

so that the slot 47 is again opposite the pin 45, the latter will bepushed by its spring into the slot 47, thus releasing the slide block42, after which the hand lever 33 will be locked by the slide block 42and reversing lever 21 may be moved as desired.

As already stated the present invention is shown in the drawings in itsapplication to a certain type of valve gear. It is however to be clearlyunderstood that the present improvements can be applied to all othervalve gears by correspondingly modifying the valve gear withoutdeparting from the nature of this invention, so long as the essentialfeatures are preserved which consist in so holding the slide valve andif necessary so modifying the slide valve chest that when the engine isrunning without steam, the slide valve will not be moved, and that theair which has been drawn in at first by the movement of the piston ispermitted to circulate through the slide valve chest and slide valvefrom one side of the piston to the other, without any fresh supply ofair being drawn in. In particular it is immaterial whether a fiat slidevalve or a piston is used.

The herein described apparatus has, as already stated, the furtheradvantage that the centers 11 and 13 are quite stationary, so that thereis no wear of those parts or of the slide block 17 and guide 18 duringthe time the engine is running without steam.

With a different type of valve gear, the means for holding the slidevalve may be dii'ferent, but the provision of such means will be obviousto a person skilled in the art.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis 1. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder andslide-valve, of means for holding said slide-valve in abnormal position,channels cooperating with said slide valve, when in said abnormalposition, for establishing communication bet-ween both ends of thecylinder, and movable means for abnormally operating said slide-valve.

2. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder and slide-valve,of means for holding said slide-valve in abnormal position, and channelscooperating with said slide-valve, when in said-abnormal position, forestablishing communication between both ends of the cylinder.

3. In a valve gear, the combination, with the slide-valve of an enginecylinder, of means for moving the slide-valve abnormally beyond thenormal limit of movement, whereby one of the cylinder ports is uncoveredand the other port registers with the arched cavity of the slide-valve,and a channel establishing communication bet-ween said cavity and thesteam chest when the slidevalve is in said abnormal position.

4. In a valve gear, the combination, with the slide-valve of an enginecylinder, of means for holding the slide-valve abnormally beyond thenormal limit of movement,

whereby one of the cylinder ports is uncovered and the other portregisters with the arched cavity of the slide-valve, and a channelestablishing communication between said cavity and the steam chest whenthe slide-valve is in said abnormal position.

5. In a valve gear, the combination, with the slide-valve of an enginecylinder, of means for holding the slide-valve abnormally beyond thenormal limit of movement, whereby one of the cylinder ports is uncoveredand the other port registers with the arched cavity of the slide-valve,a channel establishing communication between said cavity and the steamchest when the slidevalve is in said abnormal position, and a bypassestablishing communication between the ends of the steam chest.

6. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder, the piston rod,slide-valve and the slide-valve rod, of a combination lever pivoted tothe slide-valve rod and loosely connected to the piston rod,an'oscillating link, a longitudinally movable support to which said linkis pivoted, a radius rod having its ends respectively both slidably andpivotally connected to the combination lever and said oscillating link,means for causing one end of said radius rod to coincide with the pointto which said oscillating link is pivoted, means for causing the otherend of the radius rod to coincide with the point of connection betweenthe combination lever and the slide-valve rod, and for moving saidsupport whereby the slide-valve is held in abnormal position beyond itsnormal limit of movement, and channels establishing communicationbetween both ends of the cylinder when the slide-valve is held in saidabnormal position.

7. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder, the piston rod,the slide-valve and slide-valve rod, of a combination lever pivoted tothe slide-valve rod and loosely connected to the piston rod, anoscillating link, a longitudinally movable support to which said link ispivoted, a radius rod having its ends respectively slidably pivotallyconnected to said combination lever, and said oscillating link, meansfor causing one end of said radius rod to coincide with the pivot pointto which said oscillating link is pivoted, means for causing the otherend of said radius rod to coincide with the point of connection betweensaid combination lever and said slide-valve rod and for movingrearwardly said longitudinally movable support whereby the slide-valveis moved abnormally rearwardly, and channels adapted to connect bothends of the cylinder when said valve is thus moved.

8. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder, the piston rod,the slide-valve and slide-valve rod, of a combination leverpivoted tothe slide-valve rod and loosely connected to the piston rod, anoscillating.

link, a longitudinally movable support to which said link is pivoted, aradius rod having its ends respectively slidable pivotally connected tosaid combination lever and said oscillating link, means for causing theone end of said radius rod to coincide with the pivot point to whichsaid oscillating link is pivoted, means for causing the other end ofsaid radius rod to coincide with the point of connection between saidcombination lever and said slide-valve rod and for moving rearwardlysaid longitudinally movable support whereby the slide-valve is movedabnormally rearwardly, means for preventing the operation of the firstnamed means when the second named means is out of normal position andfor preventing the operation of the second named means when the ends ofsaid radius rod are not coincident with said pivot points, and channelsadapted to connect both ends of the cylinder when said valve is thusmoved.

9. In a valve gear, the combination with the cylinder and slide-valve,means for adjusting the gear to cause the slide-valve to ceasereciprocating, means for moving the slide-valve to an abnormal positionbeyond its normal limit of movement to cause the same to establishcommunication between both ends of the cylinder, and means forpreventing the operation of the first named means when the second namedmeans is out of normal position and for preventing the operation of thesecond named means when the valve gear is in position to reciprocate theslide-valve.

10. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder and slide-valve,of a reversing rod for adjusting the gears to cause the slide-valve tocease to reciprocate, a shifting rod for cooperating with the valve gearto cause the slide-valve to shift to abnormal position wherebycommunication may be established between both ends of the cylinder, andmeans for preventing movement of the reversing rod when the shifting rodis out of normal position and for preventing the movement of theshifting rod when said reversing rod is .in position to cause thereciprocation of the slide-valve.

11. In a valve gear, the combination, with the cylinder and slide-valve,of a reversing rod for adjusting the gears to cause the slide-valve tocease to reciprocate, a shifting rod for cooperating with the valve gearto cause the slide-valve to shift to abnormal position wherebycommunication may be established between both ends of the cylinder, andmeans for preventing movement of the reversing rod when the shifting rodis out of normal position and for preventing the movement of theshifting rod when said reversing rod is in position to cause thereciprocation of the slide-valve, said means consisting of a fixedsupport having a perforation, a movable block on said support andconnected with said reversing rod and having a recess adapted toregister with said perforation when said block is in mid-position, ahand-piece articulated with said support and said shifting rod andhaving a recess adapted to register with said perforation when the handpiece is in normal position, and means for forcing said pinlongitudinally in said perforation.

12. In a steam locomotive, the combination of a slide-valve slide-block,with a combination lever fulcrumed on said slide-block and adapted to bemoved by the piston-rod cross-head, a radius rod adjustably pivoted tosaid lever and adapted to have its point of pivotal connection moveduntil it coincides with the point of connection between said lever andsaid slide-block, and means for varying the position of said radius rodon said lever.

13. In a steam locomotive, the combination of a slide-valve slide-block,a lever (14) fulcrumed on the latter and adapted to be moved by thepiston guide-block, said lever being formed at its end attached to theslide-block as a link, a rod (12) movably attached in said link, a link(11) adapted to be moved by a reversing arm, a two-armed lever (37, 39),a rod (36) pivotally connecting one arm of the latter with the latterlink, and a rod (40) connecting the other arm of said two-armed leverwith said former lever (14), said rod (12) bein pivotally connected withsaid latter link 11).

14:. In a steam locomotive, the combina tion, with a frame, a slideblock movable therein, and a reversing rod connected with said slideblock, of a lever arm pivoted on said frame, locking means on said framefor locking said guide block, and means mounted on said lever arm forcontrolling said locking means, as set forth.

15. In a steam locomotive, the combination, with a frame, a slide blockmovable therein, and a reversing rod connected with said slide block, ofa lever arm pivoted on said frame, locking means on said frame forlocking said lever arm, and means mounted on said lever arm forcontrolling said looking means, as set forth.

16. In a steam locomotive, the combination, with a frame, a slide blockhaving a recess therein, and a reversing rod connected with said slideblock, of a lever arm having an eccentric hub mounted revolubly on saidframe, an outwardly springpressed pin in said frame, said hub having acavity and a sliding member movable on said lever arm, said memberhaving an arm normally in said cavity and adapted to push said pin intothe recess in said slide-block, substantially as shown.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

AURELIJUSZ J ENDRUSIK.

